mais-valias
Published 5 November 2026, 23:09
Capital gains — the profit from selling something that has risen in value: a flat, shares, cryptocurrency. Tax is charged not on the sale price but on the difference between the sale and purchase prices; transaction costs and the cost of improvements are added to the purchase price, and for property there is also a coefficient for the fall in the value of money. For housing, half the gain goes into the taxable base and is taxed at the general IRS scale rates. Shares and cryptocurrency have a separate rate of 28%, with the option of having the gain taxed at the general scale rates instead; cryptocurrency held for more than 365 days is not taxed.
Where you come across it. The IRS return for the year of the sale: Annex G, with long-held untaxed cryptocurrency going in G1.
The old rule for non-residents selling property — a flat 28% on the whole gain — has been abolished: since 2023 the tax is calculated as for residents, but foreign income still has to be declared, otherwise the rate on the scale cannot be worked out. Tax residents also declare the sale of a flat outside Portugal here.